Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Monogamy: The Prairie Vole Model C. SUE CARTER, .1 A. COURTNEY DEVRIES,* AND LOWELL L. GETZt *DeFartment of Zoology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, and tDepartment of Ecology, Ethology, and Evolution, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 CARTER, C. S., A. C. DEVRIES AND L. L. GETZ. For webmasters. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. Monogr. The researcher measured anxiety, alloparental behavior, and partner preferences. Stevenson TJ, Alward BA, Ebling FJP, Fernald RD, Kelly A, Ophir AG. However, the picture is complicated-large doses of the hormone sometimes have the opposite effect of smaller ones. However, they are not sexually faithful, and though pair-bonded females usually show aggression toward unfamiliar males, both sexes will occasionally mate with other voles if the opportunity arises.[5]. Get the latest research from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus. The oxytocin receptors of the female prairie vole brain are located more densely in the reward system, and have more receptors than other species, which causes 'addiction' to the social behavior. To emphasize just how valuable the Earth is, Laughlin also estimated the worth of other planets in our solar system. These findings inform proximate mechanisms of behavior by showing how development can play a role in pair-bonding in female prairie voles. He found that there were differences in the levels of both aggressive and sexual behavior between the different muroid species. Some studies suggest that monogamy and pair-bonding are expressed during the mating season as results of oxytocin levels or neural activation. Horm Behav. If so, let us know by emailing us at bigquestions@mentalfloss.com. Front Neuroendocrinol. Then, as adults, they tested them in an elevated plus-maze paradigm. Everything in your article was clear, but I did have one question in regards to how the voles chose their pair bonded mate. 7, pp. Scientists love prairie voles. Prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) are described here as a model system in which it is possible to examine, within the context of natural history, the proximate processes regulating the social and reproductive behaviors that characterize a monogamous social system. Therefore, the prairie vole has different mechanisms controlling that gene expression than the montane vole. It’s kind of hard to tell. Human monogamy may not be all that different, she adds. The polygamous montane vole did not display such high levels of oxytocin, symbolizing its inability to love one individual at a time, due to having different mechanisms than the prairie vole. Thanks for letting us know that this page . I saw in your article that it did mention that voles who spend more time together tend to bond, but I was curious as to whether there were any other factors that went into choosing their mate. Mental Floss may receive a commission for purchases made through these links. (2007). The researchers measured aggression and social affiliation levels in male prairie voles through a process called staining. Lastly, since prairie and meadow voles are closely related, ecological differences could play a role in how the prairie vole and meadow vole display parenting and bonding/monogamy. In winter, they tunnel underneath the snow. Neuropeptides, including oxytocin and vasopressin, and the adrenal glucocorticoid, corticosterone, have been implicated in the neural regulation of partner preferences, and in the male, vasopressin has been implicated in the induction of selective aggression toward strangers. ... Carter CS, DeVries AC, Getz LL. Sci Rep. 2020 Aug 20;10(1):12926. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69520-y. Results from research with voles suggest that the behaviors characteristics of monogamy, including social attachments and biparental care, may be modified by hormones during development and may be regulated by different mechanisms in males and females. Trends Neurosci. For example, comparative studies of montane, meadow, pine, and prairie voles done in each of their respective habitats, without manipulation, could aid in further differentiating and understanding pair-bonds and monogamy. Gale Group is a Thomson Corporation Company. ( Log Out /  Mol Autism. Change ), © Ecol. Prairie voles are primarily herbivorous, feeding on grasses, roots, fruit, seeds and bark and some insects. Neural/hormonal mechanisms explain which hormones or neural circuits are at play when a behavior occurs. Compared to the meadow vole, prairie voles prefer to inhabit drier areas. Sign Up Today: Get exclusive deals, product news, reviews, and more with the Mental Floss Smart Shopping newsletter! [3] Prairie voles make shallow burrows and runways through surface vegetation. A study, done by Dewsbury (1981), reveals social behavior, aggression, and copulation, in seven species of muroid rodents. Higher dosages of oxytocin, sexual history, and neural activation create pair-bonds and monogamous behavior. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov. These voles store food. We examined skull morphology in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) and meadow voles (M. pennsylvanicus), two closely related species with fundamentally different mating systems, to test the hypothesis that paedomorphosis contributes to the evolution of monogamous mating systems.Using several skull measurements, we found that the overall length:width ratio of meadow vole skulls was … Neuroscientists studying prairie voles have identified circuits in the brain’s reward center that may be a key part of forming social connections. The sociability spectrum: evidence from reciprocal genetic copy number variations. Their runways are used for many purposes, from predator protection to obtaining food. A role for central vasopressin in pair bonding in monogamous prairie voles. They especially love prairie vole love—or at least the behaviors and brain chemistry that look like love to us. Oxytocin studies are important, says Carter, in part because pregnant women at risk for premature delivery are sometimes given oxytocin blockers, which stave off labor but could also have long-term effects. Prairie voles live in colonies and have been known to exhibit human-like social behavior in groups. I didn’t realize that the voles environment in terms of how protected they are from predators was one of the key factors in determining their mating strategy. The reproductive cycle of Microtus ochrogaster in eastern Kansas. Her Board of Scientific Affairs-sponsored talk is titled "Molecules and Monogamy: What's Love Got to Do With It?" This uniqueness in the prairie vole behavior is related to the oxytocin and vasopressin hormones. Electric repellers and predators (snakes, owls, coyotes, foxes, domestic animals, and hawks) can be used to reduce vole populations. The dedication and loyalty prairie vole partners have for each other really intrigued me, especially when in comparison to some other species of voles they are unique in that regard. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The Biologist, 63, 138-162. Further research into the ultimate explanations of how these behaviors have evolved (such as over intervals of a few years, for instance) can be done to increase knowledge on evolutionary aspects of pair-bonding and the monogamous mating system in prairie voles.  |   |  Their life expectancy is based on predator presence and natural factors in their area of inhabitance. ( Log Out /  Scientists love prairie voles. However, the pups that were raised solely by the mothers did develop quicker than the other pups. All rights reserved. 125–151. However, the males did maintain a high level of association with female partners that were familiar to them. We will keep updating this page as sales come in, but for now, here are the best Amazon Black Friday sales to check out. They will not hesitate to use their burrows if they notice predators close by or disturbances that pose a threat. The prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) is a small vole found in central North America. Voles are prey for other predators.  |  Thus, early oxytocin exposure is critical for proper pair-bonding behavior later in life because without it, adult females do not spend as much time or energy with a male. In both the prairie and pine vole, paternal care was well developed. This article contains affiliate links to products selected by our editors. 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