Ficino died at Careggi on Oct. 1, 1499. predecessor in the Middle Ages in a series of Lives then attributed to Encyclopedia of World Biography. Hobbes outright rejects an incorporeal soul, and Descartes completely expels it from nature. In the seventeenth century, after Galileo and Descartes, the speculative cosmology of the Renaissance was no longer possible within the framework of a natural science based on experiments and mathematical formulas. This process of intense reading and commenting set the stage for educators, Comando Comandi and Luca di San Gimignano, carried out “academia” was something close to “gymnasium,” medieval thinkers before Ficino (Celenza 2007, 88–89). Like many of his contemporaries, Ficino believed that Hermes Trismegistus was an ancient Egyptian theologian and philosopher of sacred and divine wisdom. B. When there was an outbreak of plague in Florence in 1478, Ficino wrote a guide to its treatment. The immortality of the human soul represented . "Ficino, Marsilio (1433–1499) Ficino also aims to show that there are dissimilarities between the soul and matter. Here Ficino follows the patterns left by Plato and Plotinus. vita libri tres), that had a substantial printing history in Toussaint, 2001. of philosophizing (concerned more with styles of life and less with anachronistic. A. Moyer, Musica Scientia: Musical Scholarship in the Italian Renaissance (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1992). of Plato that “whatever subject he deals with, he quickly brings By 1469, Ficino had largely completed his Platonic translation, and he began an ambitious new project. Ficino also endorses an ancient theological tradition that included, to name a few, Hermes Trismegistus, Pythagoras, and Orpheus among its ranks. 1, in The University of Missouri Studies (Columbia, MO, 1944), and Commentaire sur le Banquet de Platon, edited by Raymond Marcel (Paris, 1956). 2, pp. It may also be granted that Averroes's doctrine of the unity of the intellect in all people, which had been widely discussed and often accepted by Aristotelian philosophers from the thirteenth to the fifteenth century, made a defense of individual immortality imperative. His Latin translation of Plato enriched the sources available to philosophers in the West, and thereby changed the form and content of philosophy. The new philosophy and science, therefore, repudiates the vital core of Ficino’s metaphysics, especially his belief in a World Soul and his vitalistic natural philosophy. His influence appears in the works of such leading philosophers as Francesco Patrizi and Giordano Bruno: Even thinkers who opposed his views, such as Pietro Pomponazzi, were impressed with his learning and acumen. and the Structure of the Commedia,”, Robichaud, Denis, J.-J., 2017a. the Hermetic Corpus, discussing Hermes as first in this chain tradition. A genuine relationship between two people is a communion founded on what is essential in man, that is, it is based in each of them on his original love for God. Allen, Michael J. concerned with questions of epistemology. The most important study of Ficino is Paul Oskar Kristeller, The Philosophy of Marsilio Ficino (trans. p. o. kristeller, 2 v. (Florence 1937), works not in 1576 ed. Moreover, if a natural end corresponding to a natural desire implanted in all men could not be attained, this would contradict the perfection of the order of nature and the wisdom of God, who created that order. There can never be only two friends; there must always be three—two human beings and one God. On his thought, the most comprehensive study available in English is Kristeller's The Philosophy of Marsilio Ficino (1943; reprint, Gloucester, Mass., 1964). Ficino embraces and uses the metaphysical hierarchy developed by the Neoplatonist Plotinus, according to which the progressive levels of being emanate from a single source. intended to help scholars, thought to have a “melancholic” That movement had discussed issues of good government and public involvement. His vision of humanity was that of the great chain of being in which humans stand halfway between the physical world and the spiritual, capable of understanding and being influenced by both. The Platonic Theology is Ficino’s longest and most systematic philosophical work. Monarchia,”. Ficino became interested in Platonist philosophy at an early age, presumably through studying Augustine. God alone is the indissoluble bond and perpetual guardian of any true friendship for a true lover loves the other person solely for the sake of God. Perhaps more importantly, however, is the fact that Ficino’s philosophy stands in stark contrast to the methods and explanations employed by the new science in the seventeenth century. For The Platonic Theology was a work of (October 17, 2020). In 1462, Cosimo de’Medici commissioned Ficino to translate a manuscript copy of Plato’s extant writings. truth was contained in Plato’s works. Ficino tells “monotheism” that respected the necessity of having one Michelangelo promoted the use of certain shapes, numerical proportions, and the personification of ideas in his works that were drawn from his knowledge of Platonism. Neoplatonism was the dominant philosophical current in late antiquity, and it had a lasting influence in the Middle Ages whe…, PLATONISM . Plato (c. 428–348 bce), a Greek philosopher and founder of the Athenian Academy, was an Athenian citizen of high birth who grew up duri…, A group of 17th-century English Protestant thinkers, so named because of their connection with Cambridge University and the presence of certain Plato…, St. Augustine, also known as Aurelius Augustinus, was one of the key figures in the transition from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages. In Plato's Timaeus as Cultural Icon, edited by Gretchen Reydams-Schils. Ficino claims that philosophical reflection on the nature of things prepares and purifies the mind of falsehood until it is ready to receive the clarity of truth. “Aristotelian” system), doing so would be deeply In fact, he believes that doing so is in keeping with the broader aims of the book. consequently shared the property of similarity, outwardly different as The Platonic Theology was instrumental in elevating the defense of the immortality of the soul to philosophical prominence in the early modern period. The 1460s saw him come into his own as a translator; these A second idea Ficino help popularize was the notion of Platonic love, the belief that in an intellectual, non-erotic relationship human beings can commune with one another on a higher celestial plane. vaulted it onto Renaissance thinkers’ desks; it had a significant ." that he had also acted as the guiding genius behind a Platonic Encyclopedia.com. Ficino's work as a translator of and commentator on Plato and the Neoplatonists, and his avowed intention of reviving Platonism, led many older historians to treat his doctrine merely as a repetition of ancient Neoplatonism. This practical concern is clearly displayed in his correspondence, and his Three Books on Life.

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