Thus the entire user plane is in the distributed unit. This technique turned out Unlike these, however, logical architecture is quite broad in scope. The idea of decomposing a system’s speci cation along several ‘levels of abstrac-tion’ constitutes good practice in the eld of software engineering. logical architecture. Radio specific functions in the Low-MAC sublayer can for perform scheduling-related information processing and be reporting. view, a behavioral architecture. Functional Decomposition • Functional decomposition is a cornerstone of systems engineering processes. Considering above there are three sub-variant available for this option described as below. Distributed Unit (DU): This logical node includes a subset of the gNB functions, depending on the functional split option. Really, the only limitations are the performance and capabilities of the physical device. In a functional architecture, the basic unit is also a function, but a much larger business-oriented one that I like to call a workflow. In Low-MAC sublayer the time-critical functions in the Low-MAC sublayer include the functions with stringent delay requirements (e.g. Logical versus physical architecture. In the DL, iFFT, CP addition, resource mapping and precoding functions reside in the DU, the rest of PHY functions reside in the CU. Features requirement at Radio Network level e.g. In High-MAC sublayer the centralized scheduling in the High-MAC sublayer will be in charge of the control of multiple Low-MAC sublayers. Option 7-3 (Only for DL): Only the encoder resides in the CU, and the rest of PHY functions reside in the DU. RLC, MAC, physical layer and RF are in the distributed unit. RF, physical layer and lower part of the MAC layer (Low-MAC) are in the Distributed Unit, Higher part of the MAC layer (High-MAC), RLC and PDCP are in the Central Unit. PHY layer and RF are in the DU. Option 2 (PDCP/RLC split): Option 2 may be a base for an X2-like design due to similarity on U-plane but some functionality may be different e.g. Option 1 (RRC/PDCP, 1A-like split): In this split option, RRC is in the central unit while PDCP, RLC, MAC, physical layer and RF are kept in the distributed unit. These functions can be used as a reference by different domain experts to develop IT-systems as part of a co-operative information-driven enterprise. Low RLC may be composed of segmentation functions; High RLC may be composed of ARQ and other RLC functions; Low RLC may be composed of transmitting TM RLC entity, transmitting UM RLC entity, a transmitting side of AM and the routing function of a receiving side of AM, which are related to downlink transmission. low latency, high throughput), Support of specific user density and load demand per given geographical area (which may influence the level of RAN coordination), Availability transport networks with different performance levels, from ideal to non-ideal, Application type e.g. Here, High RLC segments RLC PDU based on the status reports while Low RLC segments RLC PDU into the available MAC PDU resources. HARQ) or the functions where performance is proportional to latency (e.g. What exactly is the difference between the logical and the physical design?There are a plethora of logical and physical architecture diagrams throughout the IT world, so many in fact that we expect to find them in our literature. Option 6 (MAC-PHY split): The MAC and upper layers are in the central unit (CU). RLC, MAC, physical layer and RF are in the distributed unit. 3GPP TR 38.801 Radio Access Architecture and Interfaces Release 14. logical architecture The logical architecture of a system is composed of a set of related technical concepts and principles that support the logical operation of the system. Option 2-2: In this split option, RRC, PDCP are in the central unit. Option 3-2 Split based on TX RLC and RX RLC. This option requires some kind of compression technique to reduce transport bandwidth requirements between the DU and CU. Conceptual Architecture vs Logical Architecture : Conceptual Architecture: Logical Architecture: Definition: Architecture that includes as little detail as possible in order to plan or communicate basic structures. Distributed Unit (DU) also known with other names like RRH/RRU/RE/RU. Option 5 assumes the following distribution: Therefore, by splitting the MAC layer into 2 entities (e.g. In fact it allows architects to model things both at a high and low levels, depending on the requirements, which makes it very important for the architecture process. It defines how the functions will operate together to perform the system mission(s). In the downlink, iFFT and CP addition reside in the DU and the rest of the PHY resides in the CU. Logical architecture is a structural design that gives as much detail as possible without constraining the architecture to a particular technology or environment. As a noun functional 5G NR gNB Logical Architecture and It’s Functional Split Options October 12, 2017 July 10, 2020 Author 5G , Cloud Computing , Future Network Optimization , LTE , NR , Tech Fundas The logical architecture of gNB is shown in figure below with Central Unit (CU) and Distributed Unit (DU). MCS, Layer Mapping, Beamforming, Antenna Configuration, resource block allocation, etc.) It includes a functional architecture, a behavioral architecture, and a temporal architecture. Option 7-1 In this option the UL, FFT, CP removal and possibly PRACH filtering functions reside in the DU, the rest of PHY functions reside in the CU. CA, eICIC, CoMP etc. In this architecture, Central Unit (CU) and Distribution Unit (DU) can be defined as follows. As adjectives the difference between functional and logical is that functional is in good working order while logical is (not comparable) in agreement with the principles of logic. Logical architecture describes how a solution works in terms of function and logical information. • Many methods have been used, including functional-flow block diagrams (FFBDs) and IDEF0. Some of the benefits of an architecture with the deployment flexibility to split and move New Radio (NR) functions between central and distributed units are below: The choice of how to split New Radio (NR) functions in the architecture depends on some factors related to radio network deployment scenarios, constraints and intended supported services. model of a engineered system of interest (SoI) system of interest (SoI) is composed of a set of related technical concepts and principles that support the logical operation of the system. Logical Decomposition Purpose The Logical Decomposition Process is used to: Improve understanding of the defined technical requirements and the relationships among the requirements (e.g. Option 8 (PHY-RF split): This option allows to separate the RF and the PHY layer. In this architecture, Central Unit (CU) and Distribution Unit (DU) can be defined as follows. This split permit centralization of processes at all protocol layer levels, resulting in very tight coordination of the RAN. Its operation is controlled by the CU. From an abstraction level viewpoint, it represents a middle ground, sitting between the Conceptual and Physical architectures. It may include a functional architecture. For instance, a diagram that leans strongly towards the con… The functional view de nes the functions that a user can invoke at the boundary of the system. There are two possible variants available in this option. and measurements. Architecture that includes as much detail as possible without constraining the architecture to a technology or environment. For the initial phase, 3GPP has taken LTE protocol stack as a basis for the discussion, until RAN2 defines and freezes the protocol stack for New Radio (NR). This description of separate workflows triggered by events is a logical view, not a physical one. Flexible HW implementations allows scalable cost-effective solutions, A split architecture (between central and distributed units) allows for coordination for performance features, load management, real-time performance optimization, and enables NFV/SDN, Configurable functional splits enables adaptation to various use cases, such as variable latency on transport, Support of specific QoS per offered services (e.g. Functional and Logical Structures: A Systems Engineering Approach 2011-01-0517 Mechatronics development continues to be a challenge for automotive OEM's and suppliers. It can also measure/estimate the activities on the configured operations or the served UE’s statistics and report periodically or as requested to the High-MAC sublayer. Option 7 (Intra PHY split): Multiple realizations of this option are possible, including asymmetrical options which allow obtaining benefits of different sub-options for UL and DL independently. The inter-cell interference coordination in the High-MAC sublayer will be in charge of interference coordination methods such as JP/CS CoMP.

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